Emergency Room Wait Time ANOVA

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import scipy.stats as stats

np.random.seed(1212)

# Wait time in minutes
urban_public = np.random.lognormal(4.2, 0.5, 150)
urban_private = np.random.lognormal(3.5, 0.4, 150)
suburban = np.random.lognormal(3.8, 0.45, 150)
rural = np.random.lognormal(3.2, 0.35, 150)

urban_public = np.clip(urban_public, 15, 300)
urban_private = np.clip(urban_private, 10, 150)
suburban = np.clip(suburban, 12, 200)
rural = np.clip(rural, 8, 100)

F_stat, p_value = stats.f_oneway(urban_public, urban_private, suburban, rural)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 7), facecolor='#ffffff')
ax.set_facecolor('#ffffff')

colors = ['#C82909', '#F5B027', '#27D3F5', '#6CF527']
data = [urban_public, urban_private, suburban, rural]

bp = ax.boxplot(data, positions=[1, 2, 3, 4], widths=0.6, patch_artist=True,
                medianprops={'color': '#1f2937', 'linewidth': 2},
                whiskerprops={'color': '#9ca3af', 'linewidth': 1.5},
                capprops={'color': '#9ca3af', 'linewidth': 1.5},
                flierprops={'marker': '.', 'markerfacecolor': '#d1d5db', 'markersize': 5})

for patch, color in zip(bp['boxes'], colors):
    patch.set_facecolor(color)
    patch.set_alpha(0.6)
    patch.set_edgecolor(color)
    patch.set_linewidth(2)

labels = ['Urban Public', 'Urban Private', 'Suburban', 'Rural']

# Target wait time
ax.axhline(y=60, color='#22c55e', linestyle='--', alpha=0.7, linewidth=1.5)
ax.axhline(y=120, color='#ef4444', linestyle='--', alpha=0.7, linewidth=1.5)
ax.text(4.45, 60, 'Target', fontsize=7, color='#22c55e', va='center')
ax.text(4.45, 120, 'Critical', fontsize=7, color='#ef4444', va='center')

# Patient satisfaction
satisfaction = ['62%', '78%', '71%', '85%']
for i, (d, sat, color) in enumerate(zip(data, satisfaction, colors)):
    ax.text(i+1, -25, f'Satisfaction: {sat}', ha='center', fontsize=8, color=color)

# Stats header
stats_text = f"ANOVA: F={F_stat:.1f}, p<0.001 | Shortest Wait: Rural (μ={rural.mean():.0f} min)"
bbox = dict(boxstyle="round,pad=0.3", facecolor='#fef2f2', edgecolor='#C82909', lw=2)
ax.text(0.5, 1.02, stats_text, transform=ax.transAxes, fontsize=9, color='#1f2937',
        ha='center', va='bottom', fontfamily='monospace', bbox=bbox)

ax.set_xticks([1, 2, 3, 4])
ax.set_xticklabels(labels, fontsize=11, color='#1f2937')
ax.set_ylabel('Wait Time (minutes)', fontsize=12, color='#1f2937', fontweight='500')
ax.set_title('Emergency Department Wait Times\nRegional Hospital Comparison', 
             fontsize=14, color='#1f2937', fontweight='bold', pad=25)

ax.tick_params(colors='#374151')
for spine in ax.spines.values():
    spine.set_color('#e5e7eb')
ax.yaxis.grid(True, color='#f3f4f6', linewidth=0.8)
ax.set_axisbelow(True)
ax.set_ylim(-40, 320)

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()