Teaching Method Effectiveness ANOVA

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import scipy.stats as stats

np.random.seed(1111)

# Test scores (0-100) by teaching method
traditional = np.random.normal(72, 12, 120)
flipped = np.random.normal(78, 10, 120)
project_based = np.random.normal(81, 11, 120)
hybrid = np.random.normal(76, 9, 120)

F_stat, p_value = stats.f_oneway(traditional, flipped, project_based, hybrid)

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 7), facecolor='#ffffff')
ax.set_facecolor('#ffffff')

colors = ['#4927F5', '#27D3F5', '#6CF527', '#F5B027']

parts = ax.violinplot([traditional, flipped, project_based, hybrid], 
                       positions=[1, 2, 3, 4], showmeans=True, showmedians=True, widths=0.7)

for i, pc in enumerate(parts['bodies']):
    pc.set_facecolor(colors[i])
    pc.set_alpha(0.6)
    pc.set_edgecolor(colors[i])
    pc.set_linewidth(2)

parts['cmeans'].set_color('#F5276C')
parts['cmeans'].set_linewidth(2.5)
parts['cmedians'].set_color('#1f2937')
for partname in ['cbars', 'cmins', 'cmaxes']:
    parts[partname].set_color('#9ca3af')

# Pass threshold
ax.axhline(y=60, color='#ef4444', linestyle='--', alpha=0.6, linewidth=1.5)
ax.text(4.45, 60, 'Pass', fontsize=9, color='#ef4444', va='center')

# Grade A zone
ax.axhspan(90, 105, alpha=0.1, color='#22c55e')

labels = ['Traditional\nLecture', 'Flipped\nClassroom', 'Project-\nBased', 'Hybrid\nModel']
means = [traditional.mean(), flipped.mean(), project_based.mean(), hybrid.mean()]

# Mean annotations at bottom
for i, (mean, color) in enumerate(zip(means, colors)):
    ax.text(i+1, 35, f'μ={mean:.1f}', ha='center', fontsize=10, color=color, fontweight='bold')

# Stats box - top center
stats_text = f"ANOVA: F={F_stat:.2f}, p={p_value:.4f} | Best: Project-Based"
bbox = dict(boxstyle="round,pad=0.3", facecolor='#f8fafc', edgecolor='#6CF527', lw=2)
ax.text(0.5, 1.02, stats_text, transform=ax.transAxes, fontsize=10, color='#1f2937',
        ha='center', va='bottom', fontfamily='monospace', bbox=bbox)

ax.set_xticks([1, 2, 3, 4])
ax.set_xticklabels(labels, fontsize=10, color='#1f2937')
ax.set_ylabel('Test Score', fontsize=12, color='#1f2937', fontweight='500')
ax.set_title('Student Performance by Teaching Method\nEducational Effectiveness Study (N=480)', 
             fontsize=14, color='#1f2937', fontweight='bold', pad=25)

ax.tick_params(colors='#374151')
for spine in ax.spines.values():
    spine.set_color('#e5e7eb')
ax.yaxis.grid(True, color='#f3f4f6', linewidth=0.8)
ax.set_axisbelow(True)
ax.set_ylim(30, 110)

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()